13.2.1. Einen Display Manager auswählen
The graphical interface only provides display space. Running the X server by itself only leads to an empty screen, which is why most installations use a display manager to display a user authentication screen and start the graphical desktop once the user has authenticated. The three most popular display managers in current use are gdm3 (GNOME Display Manager), sddm (suggested for KDE Plasma) and lightdm (Light Display Manager). More alternatives exist and can be found by searching for the x-display-manager virtual package.
Since the Falcot Corp administrators have opted to use the GNOME desktop environment, they logically picked gdm3
as a display manager too. The /etc/gdm3/daemon.conf
configuration file has many options (the list can be found in the /usr/share/gdm/gdm.schemas
schema file) to control its behavior while /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults
contains settings for the greeter “session” (more than just a login window, it is a limited desktop with power management and accessibility related tools). Note that some of the most useful settings for end-users can be tweaked with GNOME's control center.
13.2.2. Einen Fenstermanager auswählen
Da jede grafische Arbeitsoberfläche ihren eigenen Fenster-Manager zur Verfügung stellt, wird der von Ihnen gewählte Fenster-Manager in der Regel davon beeinflusst, welche Arbeitsoberfläche Sie ausgewählt haben. GNOME verwendet den Fenstermanager mutter
window manager, Plasma verwendet kwin
, und Xfce (das wir später vorstellen) verwendet Xfwm
. Gemäß Unix-Philosophie kann man immer den Fenstermanager seiner Wahl verwenden, aber wenn ein Administrator den Vorschlägen folgt, profitiert er am meisten von den Integrationsleistungen, die von jedem Projekt erbracht werden.
Older computers may, however, have a hard time running heavyweight graphical desktop environments. In these cases, a lighter alternative (search for the x-window-manager virtual package) should be used. “Light” (or small footprint) window managers include WindowMaker (in the wmaker package), afterstep, icewm, blackbox, fluxbox, or openbox. In these cases, the system should be configured so that the appropriate window manager gets precedence; the standard way is to change the x-window-manager
alternative with the command update-alternatives --config x-window-manager
.